The analysis is carried out to find the oxygen required for combustion for efficient production of energy. • Two typesproximate and ultimate analysis • Proximateit determines moisture content, volatile matter, ash and fixed carbon content of a fuel. It is reported as dry weight.
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3 (HHV) and the ultimate analysis of two biomass species: poplar and corn stover were measured. 4 The moisture contents of the samples were 35% wet mass basis. Table 2 lists the measured data. Table 2. Measured moisture, elements, and high heating value of biomass M (%)
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Ultimate analysis provides a convenient method for reporting the major organic elemental composition of coal. For this analysis, a coal sample is combusted in an ultimate analyzer, which measures the weight percent of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and ash from a coal sample. ... dry, and as received bases can be found in ASTM D317609 ...
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AD is As Determined (Air Dried) Basis Dry is Dry Basis DAF is Dry Ash Free Basis; ... Empirical Formula for estimation of Gross Calorific Value using Ultimate Analysis (Ref: COAL Typology Physics Chemistry Constitution; author Krevelen; third edition 1993, page 528). All data is on a Dry Basis (DB) expressed as % weight. ...
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The ultimate analysis of the organic matter of the fuel (dry mineral matter free (dmmf) basis or, in practice, close to dry ash free (daf) basis) mainly consists of carbon (C), hy ... based on the gross calorific value of coal, dry basis (in kilocalories per 1 kg and percentages of elemental composi
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The proximate analysis of coal separates the products into four groups: (1) moisture, (2) volatile matter, consisting of gases and vapors driven off during pyrolysis, (3) fixed carbon, the nonvolatile fraction of coal, and (4) ash, the inorganic residue remaining after combustion. The proximate analysis of coal is presented as a group of test ...
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The ultimate analysis appears to be on a dry basis instead of asreceived, because summing everything save the moisture and chlorine equals . The net calorific value in kcal/kg is greater than ...
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Given the following ultimate analysis on the dry basis of a coal sample, 80% C, % H2, % O2, % N2, % S, and % ash, and that the heats of combustion of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur are 33 700, 141 875, and 9300 kJ/kg, respectively, determine the higher heating value of the coal in kJ/kg. Answer: 26476 kJ/kg
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Proximate ultimate analysis of coal Ashish Kumar Jain. ... Ash: 800±15 oC (without lid) REPORTING: AS RECEIVED BASIS, MOISTURE FREE BASIS/DRY BASIS OR DRY ASH FREE BASIS IS:1350I (1984) 22. EXAMPLE OF PA A sample of finely ground coal of mass g was placed in a crucible of g in an oven, maintained at 105 oC for ks. The ...
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The ultimate analysis of bituminous coal (dry basis %) is : C 77, H 5, N 1, O 4, S 2 and. ash 9. The moisture content is 5 %. The gross calorific power is 7650 Kcal/Kg on dry basis. Calculate a) Gross calorific value, moist basis b) Net calorific value, dry basis c) Net calorific value, moist basis d) Gross calorific value, dry basis using ...
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The total sulfur value is used for ultimate analysis. Moisture is not by definition a part of the ultimate analysis of coal but must be determined so that the analytical values obtained can be converted to bases other than that of the analysis sample. In other words, analytical values may need to be converted to an asreceived or a dry basis.
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When used in conjunction with the air dry loss moisture, as determined in accordance with Method D 2013, Test Method D 3302, or Practice D 346, the calculated total moisture can be used to convert dry basis analytical results to the asreceived basis. The result of the ash determinations can be applied in the ultimate analysis, Practice D 3176.
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The ultimate analysis of a coal used in a power plant provides information about the percentage composition of different elements in the coal. In this case, the ultimate analysis on a dry basis for the coal is given as follows: C = ; H = ; O = ; N = ; S = ; A = To estimate the dry flue gases produced per pound of ...
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This coal is to be burned with 30% excess air. Calculate the airfuel ratio on a mass basis. Problem 8: The ultimate analysis of a sample of Bituminous coal received from a mine contains % of Carbon, 12% of Hydrogen, 2% of Oxygen and % of Sulfur. Calculate the amount of theoretical dry air required for complete combustion of 1 kg of fuel.
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More than 100 relationships were gathered, and wherever possible, their general usefulness was assessed on the basis of coal properties (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and combination of both). Model based on the result of proximate analysis has traditionally been more important due to their easy availability of data and ease of use.
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The analysis is of products of combustionon a dry basis when C8H18 was burned with atmospheric air, is as follows: CO 2 = 12%, CO=0% O 2 =3%, N 2 = 84%. ... The ultimate analysis of coal is given below: C = 68% S = 1% Ash = 12 % H = 25% O = 3% Calculate the higher heating value of coal.
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Coal analysis techniques are specific analytical methods designed to measure the particular ... original weight. It can also give an indication about the quality of coal. Ash content may be determined as air dried basis and on oven dried basis. ... This differs from the ultimate carbon content of the coal because some carbon is lost in ...
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4) If in elemental analysis, sum of all elements percentages equals 100, and humidity is also given (additional to ), then what is it, dry or wet basis elemental analysis? (figure 2) Thanks
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Coal and coke reference materials such as those offered by LECO and NIST are properly prepared. Samples are analyzed on an asdetermined basis. A separate portion of the sample is analyzed for moisture content in accordance with ASTM D3173, ASTM D7582, or ISO 11722 for calculations to dry basis. Method Reference ASTM D4239 Sulfur (Method A)
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Common coal analyses include: Ash fusion: determines how coal ash will behave when heated in an industrial furnace or boiler. Ash yield (part of proximate analysis): determines the amount of noncombustible material in a coal sample. Calorific value: determines the heating potential of coal; usually expressed in Btu per pound.
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definition a part of the ultimate analysis of coal or coke. See Test Method D 2361 for the determination of chlorine and Test Methods D 2795 for the ... except for data reported on a dry basis, an appropriate moisture content be given in the data report. It is recommended that, for data reported on the as ...
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a. Convert the ultimate analysis on a dry basis in Convert the ultimate analysis on a combustible basis in Using the Dulong's formula, calculate the higher heating value (HHV) of coal on (1) asfired basis. and (2) dry basis based on corrected ultimate analysis of coal in kj/KG.
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The ultimate analysis of bituminous coal (dry basis %) is : C 77, H, N, O, S and ash 9. The moisture content is 5 %. The gross calorific power is 7650 Kcal/Kg on dry basis. Calculate a) Gross calorific value, moist basis b) Net calorific value, dry basis c) Net calorific value, moist basis d) Gross calorific value, dry basis using Dulong formula
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